Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men. Despite many advances in diagnosis and treatment, prostate cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer death among men in North America and therefore there is an urgent need to find novel compounds/chemicals that can be used effectively towards the treatment of prostate cancer patients. Many chemotherapy drugs including etoposide, paclitaxel and docetaxel have been discovered by screening natural products from plants. The long-term aim of my research focus is to find plant-derived chemicals with strong anticancer effects that can be used effectively against prostate cancer. The plant rosemary contains chemicals called polyphenols that have been found to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and are proposed to have anticancer activity. The proposed studies will use prostate cancer cells and examine if rosemary extract and rosemary polyphenols can inhibit their growth and cause them to die. Our studies are unique and novel and will contribute significantly towards the fight against prostate cancer. We expect to gain new knowledge of the effects and action of these chemicals that will form the basis for more research in animals and humans and eventually will result in the discovery of new effective chemotherapy agents.